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Polyposis syndrome is a group of inherited conditions characterised by the development of numerous abnormal growths in the colon and other parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These polyps can progress to colorectal cancer over time.
Common types of polyposis syndrome include:
Polyposis syndrome is primarily caused by genetic mutations, either inherited from one or both parents. These mutations disrupt normal cellular processes involved in the regulation of cell growth and division, leading to the formation of multiple polyps in the colon, rectum, or other parts of the digestive tract. Colorectal polyps increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
In rare cases, a patient may randomly develop polyposis syndrome, which is not inherited. However, such cases often occur because of a new mutation in the gene, which is associated with one of the polyposis syndromes.
The symptoms of polyposis syndrome vary depending on the specific type of syndrome and the number, size, and location of the polyps. However, some common symptoms and signs of polyposis syndrome may include:
Individuals with the following factors are at an increased risk of developing polyposis syndrome:
The quality of life for patients with polyposis syndrome depends on the type of syndrome, along with its severity, when it was first diagnosed, and how far along the treatment regime they are. However, the consensus is that early detection is always best, as it gives ample opportunity for an earlier intervention before it progresses to colorectal cancer.
Diagnosing polyposis syndrome typically involves a combination of the following:
If polyposis syndrome is confirmed in Singapore, the treatment plan includes surveillance, polyp removal, and preventive measures to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Treatment options for polyposis syndrome include:
What is the life expectancy of someone with polyposis syndrome?
The life expectancy of someone with polyposis syndrome can vary significantly depending on several factors, including the specific type of syndrome, the effectiveness of treatment and surveillance, the presence of associated complications, and individual health factors.
Is polyposis syndrome life-threatening?
Polyposis syndrome itself is not typically considered life-threatening; however, the complications associated with untreated or poorly managed polyposis syndromes can be serious and potentially life-threatening. The primary concern with polyposis syndromes is the increased risk of developing colorectal cancer due to the presence of multiple polyps in the colon and rectum.
Can polyposis syndrome go away on its own?
No, polyposis syndrome cannot go away with or without treatment; there is no cure for polyposis syndrome. However, their growth and development can be influenced by various factors, including treatment interventions such as polyp removal (polypectomy), medication, and lifestyle modifications.
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